Creative use of English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Creative use of English - Essay theoretical accountThe use of actors line in Rebecca can be best understood when approached phenomologic solelyy as they reflect the lore of the perceiver and seemingly constitutes a prototype that is culturally defined and generated infinitely everytime there is an attempt at sagacity it through the process of cognition. Thus cognition and language mutant are essential categories that grappler dialogically until a decision in designate production is taken everytime to fix or anchor auctorial intent. But it does not rest there, as cognition is also an attempt to translate all linguistic and communicative possibilities for each level of word play or use at the lexical stagecoach and at the level of poetic metaphor and metonymy at the semantic level.It is clearly understood that one of the qualities that all languages have in common is their creative aspect. Thus an essential property of language is that it provides the means for expressing inde finitely many thoughts and for reacting appropriately in an indefinite range of situations (Chomsky, 1965)Chomsky opposed Humboldt argues for the necessity of a universal grammar, which must(prenominal) accompany a generative grammar that assigns to each of an infinite range of sentences a structural description indicating how this sentence is understood by the ideal speaker hearer and is also perfectly explicit (Chomsky, 1965). Humboldt talks intimately the truly creative aspect of mans cognitive faculty and how man resolves particular creative challenges given to them since language cease to be just syntagmatic and paradigmatic modes of representations and enter the readers horizon of expectations (Jauss, 1982) and self-conscious-ness as Hegel situates it. Thus the cognitive potentialities (Jauss, 1982) as per the Reader-response theory are derived out of cumulative responses of readers and hence is rests outside the individual mental spit out with understanding and is thus mo re result oriented. But cognitive approach concerns itself more with the working understanding of the mind as it tries to derive and synthesize meanings out of language that are creatively distorted beyond their functional and immediate lexical meanings and also not quite semantically or culturally germane(predicate) but intertwined with the progress and context or mood of the narrative itself. Thus in Rebecca, word play, unlike say as used in Finnegans Wake by Joyce is less a universalization of the protean qualities of dream. some(prenominal) the novels use creativity through language to represent the conventions and the workings of the sleeping mind that are communicative but in a many possible ways. Cognition thus comes when language is embedded in a larger social or narrative context and faces danger in a novel usage that challenges it to redefine language use and deconstruct all grammatical pragmatism. Thus new semantic domains can be best analyzed through deep introspectio n and understanding of readers role in interpreting metaphors while deciphering language.Metaphors are thus the dominant demarcators of new language constructions that lack any target ready meaning and rests mainly on conceptualization, categorization, grammaticalization and the use of language for communication of meaning. It lacks any older positively charged paradigms of linguistics and archetypal expressions. Rebecca uses an archetypal imagery of dream sequence to indulge into creative language play so as to

Justification Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Justification Report - Essay ExampleIt is my hope and faith that this report ordain be useful in your decision making and that it will lead to useful development.Wal-Mart should invest in the African commercialise and make an early entry. This will help the firm to establish itself in the market which will facilitate its future growth strategies. The African market is growing at a more than higher rate than most developed economies around the world. It has also shown a thirst for retail outlets, as indicated by the big growth of world class shopping malls. Africa is becoming the next hub of business in the orbiculate market. Although most of the countries in Africa are still underdeveloped, the rate of economic growth as wholesome as the economic po disco biscuittial that these nations have are commendable (Westen, 2014). At the rate at which the African and the global economy are growing, Africa will be the next big market in the global economy (Larsen et al, 2010). The BRICS provide a good market and an opportunity for firms to grow and expand their business, unfortunately in that respect is high competition there and they may not provide enough market for global development. smell at most African cities indicate that there is a boom in the retail sector. For instance, umpteen Cities in the African nations such as Nairobi are seeing massive grown in the construction of retail centers such as shopping malls. Nairobi for instance has witnessed the construction of over ten new shopping malls in the last five years. Being a retail organization, this is a massive opportunity for Wal-Mart and it should take it in time not to lose to competitors.African economies are growing at a commendable rate. Most African economies such as Kenya, Rwanda and Nigeria are growing at a rate that is much higher than most European nations. Soon, these nations will provide the best opportunity for multinationals the likes of Wal-Mart. Getting in the market as early as possible will be a great advantage for the firm.Those firms which will be able to enter

GM Strategic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GM Strategic - Essay ExampleGM has make inventionful commitment to the environment i.e. to make continuous development as well as service by decreasing the harmful impact of environment which includes the issues like greenhouse gas releases and arouse delivery in its broad assortment of quality vehicles (General Motors, 2012). From the perspective of the environmental issue with regard to the aspect of fuel economy, the valuable engineers belonging to the company are reinvesting as well as restructuring the various technological advancements for the purpose of enhancing the fuel economy, ensuring less release of greenhouse gases and most importantly diminishing its reliance on petroleum. In relation to the factor of the enhancement in fuel economy, it has been apparent that the company is consistently enhancing the competence of its gasoline-powered vehicles by the application of enhanced technological advancements which include dynamic fuel management, insertion of direct fuel a nd variant valve timing (General Motors, 2012).From the viewpoint of the other important environmental issue i.e. the release of greenhouse gases, the company has showed its hash out commitment towards implementing the alternative fuels as well as the bio-fuels in order to decrease petroleum habituation along with lowering the release of greenhouse gases. In this context, it has been viewed that the company is the worldwide leader in the merchandise of Flex-Fuel vehicles which operates on gasoline and E85 ethanol. This particular technological advancement of Flex-Fuel vehicles of the company can be observed in the cars as well as the trucks of the company (General Motors, 2012).There lie several strategic reasons for GM to show upon the environmental factors which comprise the aspect of fuel efficiency and the release of greenhouse gases. One of the imperative reasons is round the deliverance of long-term value of the investments to the

Restricted by cult of domesticity ideology Essay

Restricted by cult of domesticity ideology - Essay ExampleIn 1848, feminists held the Seneca F alones Convention, conduct by such thinkers as Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. In response to the cult of domesticity, this convention revised the Declaration of emancipation into a Declaration of Senti workforcets, which contained a specific list of grievances held by women against men.This convention did not mark a sudden end to centuries of forced gender roles in fact, 1950s television did much to usher in a newer era for the cult of domesticity, with its appearings about model housewives who were able to vacuum, cook dinners, and handle minor household difficulties, all while smiling and wearing pearls. However, there is also a great deal of literature concerning the displease women that raised families under this line of thinking. Rebecca Harding Davis novel Life in the branding iron Mills and Frank McCourts Angelas Ashes argon two examples of works tha t explore the restrictions placed upon women by this cult of domesticity, using rhetorical devices and images richly to show the harm of this paradigm. Both stories parallel in their consideration of family roles, mutual obligations, and the ways in which gender expectations acquit a heavy toll.The women that ar central to the novel toil under the sway of men who are too boorish to notice the harm that the rules of domesticity are having on those some them. Both protagonists are men with blue-collar jobs, who come from families that have unspoiled entered the United States. Hugh is the main character of Life in the Iron Mills, a Welsh furnace worker, whose cousin, Deborah, secretly dearests him. Davis uses a wealth of imagery to describe Hughs life - his last depict is Wolfe, which is suggestive of the primal forces that drive workers at the lowest end of the economic spectrum - and his routine seems to revolve around eating rank pork and drinking molasses with occasional nigh ts in jail for some drunken excess. Deborah, though, clearly suffers under the idea that the female is in charge of domestic affairs after long years of picking cotton, she then is supposed to bring his meal the foundry every night, nursing a love that he is too self-involved to notice.The main character of Angelas Ashes is McCourt himself, as a young child who just has returned from the United States to Ireland, because life in America did not live up to its promise. Note the use of apposition to describe his mother Angela, seen as a pious defeated mother moaning by the fire. Three of the images (pious, mother, by the fire) could be seen as nurturing, positive images however, the insertion of the words defeated and moaning in between those other images undermines the fondness of the domestic scene, showing the turmoil that rakes at Angelas soul. It is truly sad to see the depths to which Angela falls, because her connection with Franks father began with an fated knee-trembler (or sex against a wall, gaining its name from the couple straining so hard their knees tremble with the excitement thats in it(15). Of course, this one night of dissolution leaves Angela pregnant. If she had

Risk and Return Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Risk and Return - Term Paper ExampleIt not only takes into account the luck free mark of return but also includes market lay on the line premium while at the same time taking beta of the stock into account too. (Valuebasedmanagement.net, 2011) This paper will discuss as to how to compute the personify of law for Wal-Marts while at the same comparing it with other firms. Other shams for caluclating approach of equity such as dividend discount model as swell up as trade price theory. 1) Calculations Name of the Comp some(prenominal) Wal-Mart Nestle McDonald Beta Value 0.371 0.582 0.363 US exchequer (RF) 3% 3% 3% RM-RF 7% 7% 7% Cost of Equity 5.59% 7.06% 5.52% Cost of equity for Wal-Mart is computed in following behavior Rate = RF + Beta x (RM-RF) = 3% + 0.37 (7%) Cost of equity = 5.59% Is this cost of equity high or lower than you expected? The above calculations suggest that the cost of equity for Wal-Mart is 5.59% which is below the average rate on S&P 500 for an average fi rm. This cost of equity however, may be considered as adequate or right considering the overall fundamentals of Wal-Mart, its brand image, its global presence as well as the overall industry dynamics. Such low rate of cost of equity therefore indicates that investors be satisfied with the overall strong historical performance of Wal-Mart. Beta determine of other companies For the purpose of equality with Wal-Mart, Nestle as well as McDonalds have been considered as a case study. The tabular calculations are provided in following table Name of the Company Wal-Mart Nestle McDonald Beta Value 0.374 0.585 0.366 US Treasury (RF) 3% 3% 3% RM-RF 7% 7% 7% Cost of Equity 5.59% 7.06% 5.52% Cost of equity for Nestle Rate = RF + Beta x (RM-RF) = 3% + 0.58(7%) = 7.06% Cost of equity for McDonalds Rate = RF + Beta x (RM-RF) = 3% + 0.36 (7%) = 5.52% The comparison made above shows that the cost of equity of three firms is roughly within a certain range. All three firms have cost of equities which are less than 10% suggesting that the low beta values may have an impact on their overall valuation. Beta values always suggest the correlation between the market returns as well as the individual bail returns therefore low beta value suggest that the market and the security go hands in hand. The above comparison also shows that these firms are mature firms and are industry leaders with low risk profile therefore investors are relatively satisfied on their ability to operate as a going concern. Further, these firms are mature with stable patterns of earning therefore the overall cost of equity is low due(p) to their low risk. 4) Capital asset pricing model is not the only model to compute the cost of equity as models such as dividend discount model as well as arbitrage pricing theory are other alternatives. Dividend Discount Model is based on the computation of the just value of any security based on the dividends. (Investopedia.com ). According to this model, the future ca sh flows to be generated from any given security come in the form of future dividends therefore discounting such cash flows with an capture rate can provide a fair indication about the price of a security. The reflexion is P0 = D1 / (R-G) D1 is the dividends in the future period 1 whereas R is the required rate of return whereas G suggests the historical growth rate of the dividends. Through manipulation of the above formula, the rate of return through dividend discount model can be computed in following manner R = D1/P0 + G The required rate o

Literary Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Literary Theory - Essay ExampleTo cater to a wider audience, Horace suggests including both these elements in a poem. Besides, the setting, time and location should have unity and coherence. Longinus feels that a prom should flat elevate the reader to a sublime state as if he has experienced it himself, which element has non been taken into account by Horace. Horace merely suggests that poems should begin in the middle of a situation so that the reader immediately plunges into the poem. Longinus finds that conflicting feelings can be united while Horace feels decorum and coherent takings are essential for unity. Horace believes that learning can come only when there is in an indispensable part to be a poet. Learning without innate talent would serve no purpose. Longinus on the other put across feels following too much of formal elements can create or ruin the poetic effect, which is the rattling purpose of creating poetry. Both agree that poets are innate and not made.As a di lettante or a writer, being able to express conflicting feelings would be more appealing. Most people do experience such conflicts in their life and it would be easy to transport people to such high so as to merge the reader and the writer and the written passage or poem.Compare/ line of products the rhetorical theories of Plato and Longinus. Try to identify areas of agreement and disagreement in their discussions of how poetry affects its audiences. Do you think hotshot theory is superior, or do they both have value for your work as a critic and writer? Which theory do you think is more helpful in understanding the effect of literary texts in the 20th century?Plato believes that poems do not reflect reality while Longinus contends that poets are innate and hence their creation has to be truth. Plato believes being a poet is a skill that can be created. Longinus asserts that a poem should elevate the reader to such a state that he feels he is the composer which is

Corporate crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corporate crime - Essay Example nigh media are operating in a competitive business environment, and they constantly bedevil to balance a need for authenticity and fact with a strong pressure to provide commercially attractive reproduction which tempts the run downer to buy newspapers or tune in to radio idiot box system and web outputs. This paper examines the representation that corporate harm is reported in the media, and asks who decides which stories are worth reporting, who provides the information which forms the basis of that reporting, and what effect the media have on public perceptions of corporate crimes. Media framing who decides which crimes are reported in the media? It is generally recognised that although ruddy crime is relatively rare compared to other kinds of crime, it nevertheless dominates the media. A recent Australian study demo that the general public has a tendency to overestimate the incidence of violence and underestimate other kinds (Indermaur and Roberts 2005, p. 143) This utterance was found to be the result partly of individual experience of crime, in high crime areas at least, but also to do with the way that people utilize different kinds of media addresss. Local news, for example, is a source of information for most working class people, while more educated people tend to read highbrow newspapers or internet news for their information on crime. It seems that people choose to view media which take over their own views of crime, and this creates a growing tendency to focus on sensationalism and crime, rather than a more balanced and accurate range of offences. Similar results were found in an earlier American study of police, newspaper, television and public images of crime trends for the seven FBI index crimes in the United concludes that people are increasingly dependent on television, rather than newspapers, and that the condensed timescale of television news bulletins results in distortion Hence, on that point i s an emphasis on well-fixed (scheduled) news the human interest story rather than on hard news crime events Therefore, there is a focus on homicides, fires and accidents. (Sheley and Ashkins 2009, p. 494) Corporate crime is rarely reported in local television and newspaper media, and it is likely that these media lack the resources to pursue major investigations, and these crimes are in any case deemed to be less newsworthy in culture that is seeking attention-grabbing drama rather than sober analysis. Some British analysis goes further than this and claims that there is an orchestrated effort going on to make sure that individuals who relegate violent crime are more often reported than companies and their managers who commit white collar crime including all sorts of quite serious failings which can even result in death and injury to some(prenominal) another(prenominal) people. Tombs and Whyte (2007 p. observe that corporate safety crimes are largely invisible, partly becaus e they are not astray reported, but partly also because governments and commentators so often redefine corporate safety crimes as infringements and many statistics do not formally record the deaths and injuries that occur in an occupational context as crimes. The language used to comment on this area of criminal activity reveals a downplaying of responsibility and a credit entry instead to accidents, which implies that no-one is to blame

Ethical issues in organization communication Assignment

Ethical issues in organization communion - Assignment ExampleAll the ethical issues and societal responsibilities that come with communication must thus be given the attention they deserve in the communication structures of the company. Clients, consumers, and even various stakeholders would to an extent prefer to carry out businesses with such organizations deemed ethical in their trading operations (Seeger, Sellnow & Ulmer 2003). Two aspects are considered in dealing with the ethical communication issues in an organization unrivalled that involves inborn communication structures and the other that deals with external communication. Internal communication addresses internal audiences majorly the employees while external communication addresses the normal public.A case analysis can be done of the Apples Rotten Business, inform on the CNN website, updated on the 4th of April in 2014. The case reports various accounts of unethical practices involving among them business malpract ices, tax stratagem and surveillance for profit. With a large customer base and a dominant presence in the market, one would have expected the Apple firm to conduct its business in the most fair and throw terms, as noted by the writer of the news story. This wasnt the case as revealed by the estimate that was carried out by Nicki Lisa Cole. The malpractices within the company includedApple, unlike other tech companies in the industry, refused to part the sources of their tin which is normally used in soldering electronic devices. They were also involved in outlaw(a) labor practices that extended into China. They employed underage students and subjected them to deplorable working conditions with unlivable wages. The company, according to Cole, acted too as a personal shopper for its wares and products, creating apps that pushed sales offers and notifications to its online clients. Since the publication of its tax

Minimum wage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Minimum wage - Essay ExampleKiddyland, a nonprofit dayc atomic number 18 place, faces space and accompaniment challenges. Larson, being the manager, ought to consider various options and choose the most suitable. Larson whitethorn consider implementing a salary program, where parents whitethorn pay a small fee for the project (Rowe, 2013). This will serve as the key championship for the program. The fee program may be in the form of a flat fee or a sliding scales plan. In the flat fee program, parents pay equal amounts. A sliding scales fee plan compels parents to pay amounts based on their income capabilities. In the sliding scale program, Larson ought to be cautious non to overcharge parents, in order to sustain the tax exemption from the political sympathies.Larson may employ the acquired money to bucket along the most crucial activities of the daycare center. In case of surpluses, the money may be used in acquiring more land, in order to create more space for the daycare activities. Kiddyland daycare center is also church-based. As such, Larson may persuade capable members to donate land for this noble project (Rowe, 2013). High-income members may also opt to sponsor some children, which careful consultations.Additionally, since Kiddyland is nonprofit daycare center, it may qualify for government funding. However, it must conform to the various guidelines set by the Internal Revenue Service (Hopkins & Middlebrook, 2008). Additionally, government grants are extremely competitive, and mostly limited. As such, Larson and other concerned parties ought to sacrifice enough time while act such grants and comply with the set regulations.Larsons daycare center runs on a limited budget. As such, she ought to consider purchasing various products that sell at reduced prices. The center, being a nonprofit organization, may qualify for tax exemptions. For Kiddyland to qualify for tax exemptions, it must fill an IRS tax exemption form that ought to be approved fi rst (Hopkins & Middlebrook,

White Collar and Corporate Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

White Collar and Corporate Crime - Essay Example screen door of misconduct usually involves falsifying records or documents to disguise discrepancies. The higher the degree of effort to conceal a corporate misconduct the more difficult detection will be for unsuspecting management, the public, investors, directors, auditors, and the government.Crime was delimit only by traditional street crimes during the 30-year period between 1940 and 1970, and there was minimal public consult with the issue of corporate lamentable conduct. Since the early 1970s, however, crime in the suites has emerged as an important political, favorable, and economic problem. The goal and seriousness of criminal behavior by corporations, corporate officials, and employees led to the development of organized crime as a separate type of professional crime and, more importantly, an increased recognition of the need for criminal statutes that address corporate misconduct and more severe criminal corporate sanc tions (Clinard, Marshall, and Peter Yeager. 1980, 132).Sutherland defined white-collar crime as crime connected by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation, and used the term to refer primarily to business managers and executives. (Edwin Sutherland, 1961, p. 19)His studies and conclusions indicate, however, that white-collar c... form crimes were initially defined as the offenses committed by corporate officials for their corporation and the offenses of the corporation itself and occupational crimes were the offenses committed by individuals for themselves in the course of their occupations and the offenses of employees against their employers. (Marshall B. Clinard and Richard Quinney, 1973, p. 188). Occupational crimes are committed by lawyers, doctors, businessmen, and politicians, for example, and may include crimes standardised income tax evasion, embezzlement, and check kiting. Corporate crimes are organizational crimes and can only o ccur in the scene of the complicated relationships among executives, corporate officers, managers, and corporate agents on the one hand, and among parent corporations, corporate divisions, and subsidiaries on the other hand. Nevertheless, a distinctive feature of organized crime is that the crime is committed primarily for the benefit of an ongoing accepted business enterprise rather than for the individual who actually carries out the offense. Thus, organized crime is a specialised type or form of white-collar crime and includes criminal conduct, intended to benefit the corporation, by corporations and by individual corporate employees, officials, or agents. In the late 1980s and early 1990s has served to bring potentially dangerous corporate activities to the general attention of the public and has inspired the academic legal community to put up greater consideration to several very basic questions concerning the potential use of the criminal law in this area. (Fisse, B And Br aithwaite, J, 1993, 134)The criminal statistics show unequivocally that crime, as

Community Health issue Impacting the Health Profession Research Paper - 1

Community wellness issue Impacting the Health Profession - Research Paper Exampley health issues started sprawling up in the United States and therefore necessitated a change in the health profession more so the annexd adoption or application of technology in the health practice.Presently, cancer is one of the intimately common and thorny health issue in the United States and it has contributed to the death of many pack. Johnson (2011) stated that antecedently cancer was not prevalent as it is today and it used to affect mostly the older people but nowadays there are cases of young children even below the age of one family being diagnosed with cancer.Johnson (2011) stated that these increased cases of cancer in the United States had lead to the health profession labour some changes in order to tackle this rising issue. For example, increased cases of cancer have lead to an increase in the number of health workers who are being trained specifically on how to care and drive trea tment for cancer patients. Secondly, the health profession has adopted advanced technology for cancer screening and treatment. Thirdly, aesculapian health professionals regardless of specialization are being taught on basic techniques of diagnosing cancer.Johnson (2011) stated that issues of drugs and alcoholic beverageic beverage abuse in the United States rose by 70% in the past decades, equally the disorders associated with drugs and alcohol abuse have also increase in equal measures as the national cost or government expenditure of dealing with cases of drugs and alcohol abuse. According to Johnson (2011), alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine are the most common in the American community and recent figures indicate there is an increase in the abuse of prescription-type psychotherapeutic drugs.The health profession has witnessed certain changes due to the issue of drugs and alcohol and one of the changes is the increased monitoring and control of controlled drugs within the healthca re centers. Additionally, health professionals have been made to be more accountable for the drugs they handle

Business and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business and Society - Essay Exampleresent daylight intend to contribute to a situation of equitable position in the alliance, a balanced surround and the development of a sustainable economy.Although most of the large corporations are chiefly engaged in these types of social activities, the smaller houses are also not beyond the scope of CSR. The smaller manufacturing and production companies are equally responsible for the exhaustion of the environmental resources and therefore it is also a let out of their duty to give keep going some thing to nature and the society. If the present generation makes complete use of the existing resources there would be nothing left for the future generations to sustain in the long run. Therefore the companies that are operating in any economy should think beyond the interest of the shareholders and maximisation of profit but should formulate their polity that would add to the social welfare by and large. The ideal mission and vision of a par ticular telephoner has remained a topic that has been discussed and deliberated on at length.The s conveyholder theory is often used to talk about the merged social responsibility activities of the organisations. The corporations have legal obligations towards the shareholders of the businesses. Since the stakeholders are people belonging to the society contribution by the corporations in the CSR activities would contribute to the welfare of those shareholders implicitly. The organisations also have a moral and social responsibility which encourages them to take up social projects. The environmental impact that entails in the activities of the companies makes it a mandatory responsibility of them to take part in the contribution to social welfare. Thus as the companies move towards a goal of sustainability in the society the businesses are benefitted. It adds to the welfare of the businesses.On the other hand, the company board of directors are considered to be only employees of t he shareholders (Manne, 1972). The shareholders pose in

Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational Culture - Essay Exampleenacted values represent values and norms that are demonstrate through employee behavior. Organizational culture helps in adaptation to organizations external environment and coordination of midland systems and processes. The four main functions include providing organizational identity to its employees foster commitment to organizational values and goals advocate and sustain positive reinforcement of performance and manage change and shape employee behavior by positioning their expectations to organizational goals. Organizational culture is divided into four types namely, clan, adhocracy, market and hierarchical cultures. The clan culture encourages flexibility of control and fosters collaboration between employees of different groups or functions. Adhocracy culture encourages innovation by being flexible, adaptational and in pace with market changes. Market culture adopt stability and control in fix to keep up pace with external competito rs and changing client demands. This culture focuses more on customer needs and profits than on employee growth and development. The hierarchy culture embraces internal control and structured stool environment to create strong processes that control, measure and drive desired results. b.

Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Assignment

Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning - Assignment ExampleEffective segments are identifiable, measurable, accessible, goodly and actionable.The next step entails selecting customers whose needs can be served by the marketer in the best feasible manner. The segment so chosen is the target market. The worth of each segment in terms of gross revenue potential and pro tote up potential is gauged while selecting the target market. It is a good idea to select a segment that is underserved by the existing blemishs. In the ultimate analysis, the target market should make the best fit with the companys capabilities and market offerings.A product cannot be everything to everyone. The marketer, therefore, creates a distinct position of his brand in the minds of the consumer in relation to other competing brands through the process of positioning. The task of positioning begins with deciding the venue in customers mind, analyzing competitors positioning, identifying gaps and ends with cr eating a position in the minds of the consumers. Positioning may be done on the plank of quality, service or price. Marketers may also position their products on consumers expectations and desires.The entire process of segmentation, targeting and positioning is a long drawn one. The marketers however conscientiously select STP as the concept goes hand-in-hand with the marketing mix. All major decisions including the basis of product differentiation are taken keeping in mind the STP.Advertising is a paid form of mass discourse done by an identified sponsor. On the other hand, publicity is free and comes from a neutral and honest source. The marketer has full control over advertising whereas publicity is essentially noncontrollable.

Theory without practice is fantasy but practice without theory is Research Paper

Theory without practice is fantasy entirely practice without theory is blind. Internships in organizations - Research Paper ExampleThis could be the reason that students in universities and colleges atomic number 18 usually encouraged to apply for internships in organizations dealing with their various courses of study during school breaks over the vacation periods. Indeed, many students find it difficult to relate what they study in school and what they have to do in the real world of corporates. On the one hand, there are academicians who study trends and historical data to nonplus up with solutions to problems in the real world, which sens be adopted and used in practice. On the other(a) hand are business executives and their workers who usually criticize academicians for coming up with solutions that are either too ideal, complex or which have too many assumptions to be applied in real businesses (March, 1994). This multitude approaches problem-solving through past experie nces or by applying what is appropriate with the prevailing economic, political an social conditions. However, the reality of the effect is that none can exist without the other, as summarized by Professor Vincent Ostrom in the above phrase. One meaning(a) aspect that organizations managers usually deal with is closing-making. Many companies usually operate with the sole reason of making profits. This can only be possible by maximizing revenue while keeping costs down. The solicitude of companies is usually tasked with the duty of making decisions that will lead to the above. However, decision-making is a very complex activity that requires more than just the basic knowledge of how the economic conditions prevail (Scott and Davis, 2007). In addition, wrong decision-making could deal a desolate blow to a company which would take years to undo, failure of which the said company would go under. In this sense, decision-making requires the use of theories set out by people who have studied the process in array to be effective. Decision-making is further complicated by the fact that human beings are not always wise whence they are prone to make decisions that are subjective rather than objective. One theory invest forward to try to explain the decision making process is one called Bounded Rationality vomit up forward by Nobel Price winner, Herbert A. Simon in his paper Administrative Behavior which he wrote in 1947. In this theory, Simon points out that there are several reasons as to why it may not be lucky for executives to make the most rational decision. One reason is due to the uncertainty of the future. Every decision do has a consequence which might be beneficial or harmful to an organization. Some of these consequences can be anticipated, but many more cannot be cognize at the time of the decision-making. Therefore, managers make what they perceive to be the best decision with the information they have at hand at the period, taking into conside ration known risks (Herbert, 1947). Relating to this is the fact that decision makers cannot fully evaluate the worth of their decisions in the future, but only in the present. The tierce impediment to rational decision making is that decision makers need to be aware of all alternatives to the decision they are about to make (March and Herbert, 1958). This is not always available, making it difficult to choose the most best decision. With such theoretical knowledge, decision makers are in a better position to understand the decision-making process, hence be in a better position to defend their actions. Another illustration of Professor Vincent Ostroms phrase is applicable in the normal operations of a company. Companies usually spend large sums of silver to train their employees and managers to

Public personnel management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public personnel management - Essay ExampleThis research will begin with the dictation that payment in lieu of taxes or otherwise referred to as PILOTs are most comm save give by large landholding non-profit organizations, especially universities and hospitals and are usually paid on a voluntary basis. It is only logical to argue that because these non-profit organizations receive basic operate from cities in which they are situated at, and are funded by real estate taxes, every property owner should pay something in return. These payments are usually do to the local governments by the non-profit organizations because the receive local services equal roads, fire protection, and the likes, but are in the long run exempted from paying property taxes because they primarily provide charitable work. In cases of cities that are struggling with budgets, non-profit organizations that are financially healthy and that own a substantial amount of tax-exempt property can be a useful avenu e for raising revenue for the city. These cities often want the non-profit organization to chip in some cash in bailing them out of the financial quagmires and to make up for the forgone taxes. So should the non-profits pay PILOTs? The researcher would like to say that they should pay taxes because all owners of any property in the community, whether for-profit or otherwise receive services from the local governments or the cities such as roads, sewers, police services and the rest and these services have been funded by taxes from real estate.

Tesco. Ligeher Essay Example for Free

Tesco. Ligeher EssayOpening Hallo, Ladies and GentlemanThank you for inviting me to speak at this conference. It is a pleasance for me to be here today at the London School of Economics and it is great to see so many business students at one place. Introduction My name is Sir Alen Iverson and I am the PR protagonist at Tesco, the largest British supermarket chain. And today I would like to talk a little astir(predicate) retail market general. How it has developed the last couple of years. And I talk about Tescos current problems and at long last I allow for comment on the companys efforts to solve them taking the changing consumer demeanor into consideration. I expect my presentation pull up stakes last about 30 to 45 minutes olfaction free to ask any questions, speculations or something that you cannot understand you might have during my presentation. The world and theretailing is opposite from what it used to be. People wants bigger things now and that is the reason why we need to gather all the stores in one place. Shopping malls are the modern today. All the small convenience stores cannot compete with the big obtain malls where you have the oppurtunity to brand all what you want. Many consumers do not have the time to run some from one shop to another to find what they are looking after, therefore the consumers prefer to shop in one big shopping mall. An example of a very palmy retail outlet is Tesco. Tesco is a supermarket which contain pretty much eitherthing you need. Tesco is gathering information about their customers through a club card, so if the customers change their way of buying Tesco will be first to know it. But you cannot knpw everything.. As the close to of you probably know, then Tesco had some of our worst years in history. In Januar we came out with a wage warning showing that we have hadlower profits as judge.Tescos shares have fallen 20 % and it has an expected loss of the market value of 5 billion pound sterling. A fter Tescos many successful years we have changed our boss, CEO Chief Terry Leahy who had been CEO from march 1997 until march 2011. He firebrand Tesco expand so much, that some thought of him to be too successful and he was criticised a circumstances because of this. The critics thought that he had forgotten to tighten the economics, and to keep focus on our drivers values, which is prime(prenominal) and Service. The new CEO is Philip Clark whos expected to get Tesco back on the right track. He will obviously be facing a long and hard task. We had an ill-fated price drib, which means that we went from cosmos a quality store, to a discount store. This also meant that we did not live up to our costumers expectations. The consequences of this was that we decided to drop 182 of our branches.Then we could reconnect with the costumers and change our corporate culture. Another way that we thought we could make this possible was by introducing the new private label called Every Day Va lue. This would give the customers a chance to buy quality products for a reasonable price. Further more we opened a few bakeries in our stores to give the customers a purify experience. Then we made some further explore on our products, by asking our costumers what they thought of them, referring to conception and colours. It turned out that our costumers thought our colours to be too hard. A resultof this research was that we added softer colours of course.We at Tesco have received a lot of complaints from our customers referring to the lack of enlistees to give a smash service and empty shelves. Thats why weve planed to employ twenty thousand extra employees. So far weve managed to employ an estimated 8000 new employees to improve the service and to avoid the empty shelves. In the year 2007 Tesco founded Fresh Easy in the United States of America. But Tesco should have waited. It was a really bad timing. Fresh Easy failed to take take and you could probably blame it on fi nancial crises. Therefore we decided to shut it down.To solved these problems we have invested cl million pounds in online shopping, which mainly is for selling non-food products. Then we made an app for the use on your phone. This will make it possible for you to shop from your phone, and go straight down to our stores and pick up our products, which of course is ready to go.By doing these things and keeping on we can now all ready see that our sales has increased by 1,3% and we will keep on investing in the stores on the United Kingdom market with about 1 billion pounds.In Tesco, we have chosen to make it possible for our customers to become members of the shop chain. That gives our customers benefits every time they shop in our stores and create loyalty to Tesco. And at the same time memberships give utilitarian information about the shoppers purchase patterns.The weekday is very stressful for many people, so we need to make it easier to do the daily shopping. One option could be to use Internet based shopping to help the customers turn in time. In times where the number of smartphones are increasing, a free application that enable users to easily night club product from the stores with a few finger clicks, would help people to save time and use their wasted time for other useful things. One problem when you are shopping in a retail store is that you might end up in a long line. Most people shop at the same time of the day, that is, when they are getting home from work. That creates problems with long lines at the cash disk. To proceed all that wast of time waiting in line, you could install small cash disks with self-service to make the salary much faster for the busy customers. We have already seen self-service cash disks further in Tesco we sound off that self-service cash disk will be a part of the future shopping to a much higher degree.Finally, let me sum up the main points of my presentation on this subject * How the retail market, the world an d us customers has changed. * Tesco terrible 12 months and how we will solve the problems * Ideas of shopping in the future E-business, but still physical stores I believe that we at Tesco have done a great prank so far. But there is still a long way to go. If we want to keep on being one of the biggest companies in the world we have to keep on focusing on the unremitting changing culture and behaviour of our costumers. Every one of you is different and you all have different desires.We will make Tesco just the right shop for youThank you for listening and again my name is Alen Iverson and I foretaste you liked or join my speech.Thank you 1 . http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall 2 . http//www.tesco.com/ 3 . http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesco_Clubcard and Tesco, Philip Clarke 1 (403) 4 . Tescos pixilated 12 Months 5 . Tescos Terrible 12 Months 6 . Tesco Domestic Turnaround a Priority 7 . Tescos Terrible 12 Months 8 . Tescos Terrible 12 Months and Tesco Domestic Turnaround a Priority 9 . Tesco Domestic Turnaround a Priority 10 . Tesco Domestic Turnaround a Priority 11 . Tesco, Philip Clarke 1 (403) and 2 (453) 12 . http//www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-2135553/The-self-service-checkout-The-site-new-middle-class-rebellion.html 13 . Tesco, Philip Clarke 1 (403) and 2 (453)

Problem Gambling Essay Example for Free

Problem Gambling EssayShe took one last look expose the window as they drove away, the tears streaming down her face. At the age of four, her world had travel apart. Karinas life started surface as a perfect middle-class family, and soon turned into a broken mess. They had everything, a perfect house in a really nice part of the city, a nice car everything was wonderful. As Karina got older, she began to notice things werent perfect. Her dad was never there. He was always out play in one way or another. As time progressed we lost the car, and other possessions ascribable to my dads childs play problem.Its not only about romp and the money. When battalion gamble, they do other stupid things, he had an affair. My pargonnts decided to get a divorce. My dad didnt argue, in accompaniment he said that for the safety of our family it would probably be better because a lot of citizenry were untamed at him for what he owed them. It was all because of frolic and snowballed int o a mess that could fool been really dangerous for my momma and me had we stayed around. Im sad that my life played out in that way at such(prenominal) a young age, and its very unfortunate.I know that if he wouldnt have had looseness around none of those things would have taken place and we would probably still be the family that we were, but unluckily thats not how it played out. Although some(prenominal) people think that legalizing gambling pass on have a immense effect on the economy, I think the negative effects are much much evident. Peoples views on subjects often have to do with their ethics. Ethics, as defined by Seiler and Beall, are an individuals system of moral principles. My ethics lead me to believe that gambling is wrong because I was raised to believe that my family is more(prenominal) important than economic wealth.As it is evident in the story above, gambling can have a major negative effect on soulfulnesss life, and so it is too much of a risk to le galize this dangerous game. Three main reasons that gambling should be kept ill-gotten are that gambling creates tension among the family members, gambling increases law-breaking in the society, and the addiction to gambling is too great for some to overcome. The first reason that gambling should be kept illegal is that gambling creates tension among the family members as the money that should be apply for the family is being spent on gambling.Even though gambling might, in some cases, bring money into the state and local economies, there are billet effects to having a casino down the street. Forshey (1998) states, The gambling jobs, taxes, and recreational values provided by the industry cannot insure for the social pain-in the form of bankruptcies, white-collar abomination, divorce, a compromised political process, an increase in alcoholism-it inflicts. The drain of a operative persons money that wagers his or her paycheck and loses is not compensated with the number of jobs a casino brings to a community.Gambling is a greedy industry that produces nothing more than dispatch hopes, empty dreams and empty wallets. Anderson states, Proponents argue that state lotteries are an effective way to raise taxes painlessly. But the severalise shows that legalized gambling often hurts those who are poor and disadvantaged. Without casino gambling, many local citizens would spend their money on groceries or clothes, instead of reducing their savings on gambling. As William Thompson states in his article Gambling A Controlling Substance, It gambling is a pleasure, like other entertainment, but in that regard, it is an expensive pleasure. Thompson then continues with this thought Politicians moldiness recognize that the benefits of gambling are bounded by market structures. Gambling money does not initiate on trees. It comes out of the pockets or real people, who otherwise would have spent it on something else. All of this raise shoes that gambling should b e kept illegal because it creates tension among the family members as the money that should be used for the family is being spent on gambling. A second reason that gambling should be kept illegal is that gambling increases the amount of crime within a society.Gambling often becomes associated with crime, a relationship that seems quite an understandable. Not only does gambling continue to be illegal in some forms which makes it a crime to participate in, but also the second half of the issue occurs when gambling increases the amount of street crime in a surrounding area. Crime marks have been significantly higher in places that kick gambling. Kindt states, Atlantic City showed a jump in crime when gambling was legalized. The city went from 50th in the nation in per capita crime to first.Problem gamblers may also become more likely to have financial troubles and use illegal activities as a way to pay off their debts and keep up their unhealthy habit. This interpretic shows a rep ort done by the U. S. Department of Justice studied people that were arrested in Las Vegas and Des Moines, Iowa. The results show many connections between gambling and crime. More than 30 percent of pathological gamblers who had been arrested in Las Vegas and Des Moines reported having committed a robbery within the past year, nearly retroflex the percentage for low-risk gamblers.Nearly one-third admitted that they had committed the robbery to pay for gambling or to pay gambling debts. In addition, about 13 perfect said they had assaulted someone to get money. As is evident, gambling should be kept illegal because it increases the amount of crime within a society. We will now look at the last reason why gambling should be kept illegal. Finally, a third reason that gambling should be kept illegal is that the addiction to gambling is too great for many to overcome, resulting in mental problems for the gambler. Some people argue that if a person wants to gamble badly enough they wi ll do it.They say that one will be able to control his or herself and only gamble when its appropriate, but gambling is an addiction that some people cant escape. The addiction is a across the nation problem, and as much a part of gambling as the dice. As an article in the Omaha adult male Herald states, Problem gambling is the urge to gamble despite harmful negative consequence or the desire to blockade, and pathological gambling involves wagering to such excess that it has a severe negative effect on the gamblers life. Getting hooked on gambling comes mainly from the action and thrill, an experience chemically the same as those with inhaled substances.They fall under the spell of action. Action is an aroused, joyous state involving excitement, tension, and anticipation of the solution of a gambling event. It is the thrill of living on the edge. Gambling has little to do with money and everything to do with the feelings of a gambler. William Thompson states, People will lie to themselves, also in calculating the money because they dont want to tell themselves that they were foolish about gambling. Problem gamblers distinguish gambling as highs similar to that experienced from many drug substances. Some experience these sensations when just thinking about gambling.How is a person so-called to avoid gambling if he or she is constantly being surrounded with opportunities to place bets and be mingled in the action? As Frey suggests casinos increase the number of problem gamblers, and make it that much more unmanageable to stop for those already addicted. In order to stop the number of pathological gamblers from increasing, the amount of gambling in the United States must decrease as a whole. Pathological gamblers were twice as likely to describe their general health as fair to poor over the past two years and were more likely to acknowledge mental or emotional problems.Rates of alcohol and drug dependence, job loss, and bankruptcy were also significant ly higher for pathological gamblers relative to non-gamblers. According to Weinstock and Meyers, Almost 20 percent of the people diagnosed as pathological gamblers file for bankruptcy compared to the less than 5 percent of those in the general race. dowery of Population with Gambling Problems In order to stop the number of pathological gamblers from increasing, the amount of gambling in the United States must decrease as a whole.As is evident in this bar graph the amount of people with gambling disorders has greatly increased. According to Weinstock and Meyers, Recent studies have found that approximately 2 percent of Americans have had severe levels of disordered gambling at some point in their lifetime. Alarmingly, the rate in the Mid-South is even higher. Studies with manuscript and Louisiana reveal that about 5 percent of the residents in Mississippi have a gambling problem, while in New Orleans, Louisiana 8 percent of the population reported significant problems because of their gambling. Gambling should be kept illegal because the addiction to gambling is too great for many, even adolescents to overcome. According to Welte, Barnes, Tidwell, and Hoffman, Over 2% of U. S. adolescents have experienced problem gambling (i. e. , sub-clinical pathological gambling) in the past year. Females have a . 1% problem gambling rate, and males a 4. 2% problem gambling rate within the past year. If we dont put a stop to this now the forthcoming of pathological gambling will continue. Regrettably, these pathological gamblers will most likely have to deal with many adverse life events because of their addiction.Many problem gamblers are under so much stress, they commit domestic economic aid violence or suicide. There are other, less dangerous ways to find entertainment. So many people suffer every day from their addiction to gambling. The United States should put a stop by banning the gambling industry, and therefore eliminating the harmful side effects of legal ized gambling. All of this evidence shows that gambling should be kept illegal because the addiction to gambling is far too great for some people to overcome, resulting in psychological problems for the gambler.The negative effects of gambling out-weigh the positive. The tension created among family members, increased crime in society, and the addiction resulting in psychological problems are just too great of a risk for the people of our society to undergo. So the next time you walk into a casino, remember Karinas story and how the gambling may move your life, because even if youre willing to take the chance, odds are the negative effects of gambling will leave you unlucky in life.It is important for all of you to take note of the consequences and refrain from gambling. Staying away from the dangers of gambling, and circumstance an example to others is extremely important. No matter what type of personality you have, you can be an influence to others and help stop the spread of g ambling all over the nation. I want to challenge you that if you know someone that gambles or you yourself gamble share what you know about gambling and try to put a stop to the habit References * Anderson, K. Gambling. Gambling Probe Ministries.Retrieved October 31, 2001 from http//www. probe. org/site/c. fdKEIMNsEoG/b. 4219137/k. C8BD/Gambling. htm * Brandt, K. (Personal communication, October 21, 2011) * Forshey, G. E. (1998). Lonely crusade Fighting the Gambling Industry. The Christian Century. Retrieved October 31, 2011 from http//vnweb. hwwilsonweb. com/hww/results/getResults. jhtml? _DARGS=/hww/results/results_common. jhtml. 35 * Kindt, J. (1994). The Economic Impacts of Legalized Gambling Activities. Drake Law Review, 40 (1), 50-87.Retrieved October 26, 2011 from https//www.ideals. illinois. edu/handle/2142/16297 * Meyers, A. Whelan, J. Weinstock. (June 1998). Gambling When it is not a Game Anymore. condescension Perspectives, 16-22. Retrieved October 27, 2011 from http//ww w. allbusiness. com/specialty-businesses/291076-1. html * Problem Gambling Be aware of warning signs. Omaha World Herald. (March, 19, 2010). Retrieved October 23, 2011 from Library. * Seiler, W. J. and Beall, M. L. (2009). Communication and Ethical Behavior. In Communication Making Connections (8th Ed) (pp. 8-9). Boston, MA Pearson Education, Inc. Allyn.

The French Reign of Terror Essay Example for Free

The cut Reign of misgiving EssayAs if the cut Revolution were non enough, the French people having endured decades of irresponsible governing and policy-making unrest were plunged into a nonher nightmare of drastic proportion. Indeed, in todays scathe the French scourge would be called an act of genocide. The Reign of Terror is synonymous with hotshot adult male in particular Maximilien Francois Marie Isidore Robespierre. Robespierre was innate(p) in Arras on 5 May 1758, to an counsel father merely was brought up by relatives along with three siblings after the tragic death of his mother in 1767. Robespierre himself qualified as an advocate in 1781 and exhibiting profound oratory prowess he became a successful advocate. His fascination of social system grew into a form of a hobby with his chief mentor being the French philosopher Jean Jaques Rousseau. Robespierre joined a group that became known as the Jacobin unify, of which he was nominated president. This group o f intellectuals were often referred to as The Incorruptibles and along with Petion de Villeneuve, the two men became patriotic to the company of France.At this stage, war with Austria was imminent. In June of 1791 King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette seek to defect and Robespierres former support for the monarchy dwindled. The Duke of Brunswick made full use of this political unrest and in concert with Prussia and certain non-patriotic French threatened France with annihilation should anyone oppose his entry into France (Age of the Sage, 2008).The Reign of Terror lasted from September 1793-July 1974 and was approximatelyly due to the philosophical belief that the guillotine and execution, although terrible and extreme, was necessary for the building of a pure French nation. Rousseau, the philosopher held the belief that no man is inherently offense or born evil, nevertheless that society makes them evil. This gives turn out however to old argument of whether the chicken or the egg came first. So an estimated 16 000 people amid these dates were guillotine in an effort to purge the nation of the trouble makers and rabble of society from January.The corruption that colonised into France after the execution of the monarchs, scrupleed whether or not the monarchy had been so bad after all, since the battles between Austria and France were not in Frances favour, those that appeared to be siding with the enemy were, of course disposed of by the Jacobin Assembly. The Committee of Public safety, of which Robespierre and his colleague Danton were influential, control France from January of 1793, but it was tho in September that the mass executions began in earnest.The Assembly passed from Danton to Robespierre and the real collapse of Robespierres run of terror came to an abrupt and grotesque end when he condemned his two friends Danton and Desmoulins ( The France of Victor Hugo). At this stage the taken for granted(predicate) pressure of causality and worse still of maintaining business office had taken its toll on the diverse Robespierre. By close to misfortune, he believed his own flattenow comrades to be conspiring against him. This scenario is not unlike that of the German autocrat Adolph Hitler, whose mantra and vaporizable personality played out in a similar fashion.The connection is that they both were intent on purging their countries and were staunch defenders of their nationality. The simple paranoia that had gripped Robespierre was defined by rumor alone, when it was heard that Danton had been taking bribes from asideicials and the monarchy, whether or not this was true is met with considerable skepticism. Desmoulin had the misfortune of having sided with Danton on a completely different subject all.The fact that he sided with Danton once must surely mean that he is acting in the same way as Danton and is therefore withal not adverse to corruption. The cycle of paranoia is in the end the very rationale that displac e Robespierre to his death on 28 July 1794 (Ibid. ). The rationale used by Robespierre was one of intense self-delusion. The only man to decide what was right and what was wrong, he allowed no other arguments to sway his opinion. With the death of his two friends, he had pass over the barrier between seeking what was good and right for the people and what satisfied himself.In modern terms he could be termed Narcissistic, a disorder associated with many of the modern autocrats including Adolph Hitler and Saddam Hussein. That there was something wrong with the ideology of purging the nation may not have been the chief problem, the problem was his meteoric and shadowed heave to power. At this stage some of the genus Phalluss of the Committee planned the coup of Robespierres power, fearing their own lives to be in danger. He was arrested the day in the first place his execution, the Committee not leaving room for his defense or release (Ibid. ). scarcely Robespierre did not go to t he guillotine alone, nineteen followers were also sentenced, including Louis St only and Georges Couthon (Age of the Sage, 2008) A moral question inevitably rears its head within the context of the story of Robespierre at what stage does a good judgement become a horribly bad one? At what stage does one the power of a group of people pass to one person, and why? Moral high-ground in this case argues that yes, society should be purged of those who corrupt it, but who is granted the soul power with which to judge these people?In addition to this is the philosophical question Robespierre himself might have asked what are the just deserts? Just deserts, contemplated by the ancient philosophers such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle would say that to each person should be given the penalty they deserve for the crime they committed. A person convicted of treason of felony, would be measured not in the same way as one convicted for murder. This would not give Robespierre or his compatrio ts grounds by which to execute those who have not committed murder, or those who cannot be tried beyond reasonable doubt for what they have allegedly done.This was Robespierres prime downfall. But Robespierre was not alone in his plight to absolve France of the corrupt. He numbered about 19 supporters close to him. Along with Danton and Desmoulins was also the likes of Marat and the upstart St Just and Couthon. St Just and Couthon were bothe guillotined with Robespierre on that fateful July day. Robespierre is quoted as having said in a object to the deputation at Aisne, In the situation in which it now is, gangrened by corruption, and without power to remedy it, the pattern can no long save the republic both will perish together.(Morris, 2007). Jean capital of Minnesota Marat, a Swiss born doctor, recrudesced not long after the start of the Reign of Terror, when he was kill by Charlotte Corday in his apartment. Marat had suffered a debilitating skin disease contracted from hi ding out in sewers after the execution of the monarchy. Be antecedent he opposed the rill and guillotining of his king and queen, he was hated by the sentiment party of the parliament at the time, the Girondins and had been on the run since his outspokenness regarding the lack of justice in the parliament.The Jacobin Club of course welcomed him whole-heartedly as an alliance, but after his tragic stabbing, the leading forces of the Committee began to liteen. With Danton and Robespierre now the main voices for the cause it was not long before the rot would flock in (NNDB, 2008). Jean Jacques Danton had also opposed the trial of the king and had also pleaded for the release of his friend Marat, long before the execution of the monarchs occurred. Although he was allied to Robespierre, he did not consider him to be terribly bright, yet saw him in this stylus as a good scapegoat in the face of the new decision to purge France.To Dantons demise, Robespierre had his moment of revenge when he ordered Dantons execution. But Danton died with one phrase that would soon come on to be right, I leave it all in a frightful welter, he said not a man of them has an idea of government. Robespierre will follow me he is dragged down by me. Ah, better be a poor fisherman than meddle with the government of men (NNDB, 2008). Camille Desmoulins and his wife Lucille were both executed by the maniacal Robespierre along with Danton. He was a writer and as a result had great power to boost or shatter any government or parliament.More a friend of St Just than Robespierre, he was accepted into the fold of Jacobin Assemblies and continued to write in favour of the purge of France. Also a fan of Jean Jaques Rousseau, Desmoulins used Rousseaus statement burning is not answering, to the indignant Robespierre on the day he ordered the burning of Desmoulins Vieux Cordelier. At this stage both St Just and Robespierre were becoming likewise fundamentalist about their pursuits, using unneces sary means to order the execution of civilians on a feeling rather than because they had grievously damaged the Assembly (NNDB, 2008).Memoirs written in a dissertation called Memoirs From Beyond The Grave, by Francois-Rene de Chateaubriand recalls the life of a noble man returning to Paris after the revolution. The excerpt it cutting and altogether rather frank in its description of the Paris under Terror. In 1792, when I returned to Paris, it no long-acting exhibited the same appearance as in 1789 and 1790. It was no longer the new-born Revolution, but a people intoxicated, rush on to fulfil its destiny across abysses and by devious ways.The appearance of the people was no longer curious and earnest, but threatening. The kings flight on June 21, 1791, gave an immense impulse to the Revolution. Having been brought back to Paris on June 25, he was dethroned for the first time, in consequence of the declaration of the National Assembly that all its decrees should have the force of law, without the kings accompaniment or assent. I visited several of the Clubs. The scenes at the Cordeliers, at which I was three or four quantify present, were ruled and presided over by Dantona Hun, with the nature of a Goth.Faithful to my instincts, I had returned from America to offer my steel to Louis XVI. , not to involve myself in party intrigues. I therefore decided to emigrate. Brussels was the headquarters of the well-nigh distinguished emigres. thither I found my trifling baggage, which had arrived before me. The coxcomb emigres were hateful to me. I was eager to see those like myself, with 600 livres income. My brother remained at Brussels as an aide-de-camp to the Baron de Montboissier.I set out alone for Coblentz, went up the Rhine to that city, but the royal the States was not there. Passing on, I fell in with the Prussian army between Coblentz and Treves. My white uniform caught the kings eye. He sent for me he and the Duke of Brunswick took off their hats, and in my person saluted the old French army(De Chateaubriand, 1802). In his records, the division in France was obvious, and was not to die even in the writings observed by the writer Alexandre Dumas, whose book The Three Musketeers, bravely holds to the army of the king.The state of France was not only thwarted by impending attacks of Austrian and Prussian power but also threatened by the Terror from within its country, which had originally formed in order to bar the breaking up of the unity France had tried to maintain. Bertrand Barere de Vieuzac remembers the succession of the Robespierre Triumverate and the request to disband the law of violence as a means to control and prevent further deterioration of the already fragile climate.De Vieuzac had been a member of the Committee and Constituent Assembly As for the Committee of Public Safety, they stated that they had played no authority in the matter, and disowned the law completely. Everyone agreed that it would be revoked the next day. After this decision, Robespierre and Saint-Just stated that they would put the matter before the public. They stated that it was perfectly clear that a party had been created to ensure immunity for the enemies of the people and that in this way, Libertys just about ardent friends would be lost.But, they said, they would know how to protect the good citizens against the combined maneuvering of the two governmental committees. They departed, threatening members of the committee, including Carnot, among others, whom Saint-Just called an blue blood and threatened to denounce to the Assembly. It was like a declaration of war between the two committees and the triumvirate. (De Vieuzac, 1842 205-206). Another memoir that relates the opposite side of the field are from the Nationalist movement, those opposing Robespierre.Marthurin de Lescure recalls how he stood up against the Triumverate and by some miracle was not executed for his beliefs. His prime argument was that a man ca nnot be persecuted on the grounds of hi opinion. He remembers the idea of persecution of civilians and parliamentarians simply because their opinion differed from that of Danton and Robespierre Bentabolles proposition requesting a report on my motion was really argued against, since the freedom of opinion is the right of a representative of the people, and that without this freedom, the entire State would be oppressed.Also, far from wanting either a report or a decree on this matter, I proposed that only those who were against this taboo right receive a punishment. In addition, Bentabolles language made it clear how the Montagnards judged the silence of their colleagues on their right. They called them the weak beings, a name which, if they were right, was a serious charge against us, since we were sent by the Nation to uphold its interests. To flatten those interests, or sacrifice them through weakness, would have been a real failure to do our duty.But we only had the appearanc e of weakness, because, not being able to fight the follies of the Mountain under pain of death, our inertia was but a great strength. We preferred the dangers, the disrespect, the humiliations with which we were bombarded, than giving in to being accomplices of the Mountain for our own safety. Nothing was easier for us than to line up in the reassuring ranks of our dominators. But the price to pay for this peace was worse than death. . . . There was, in the space that separated the Right from the Mountain, a spot in the hall that was called the stomach. Those that sat there were not of the Right, they did not share in our humiliations, but neither did they have the courage to disprove the evil done by the left side by sitting so close. They had nonetheless the silly compliment to call themselves wiser that those on their right, even though they were less courageous, and alone deserved the name weak beings. (de Lescure, 1881 410-413). I the end, Robespierre had his day, and it was an entirely necessary part of the French history from the point of view that it draws attention to the dangers of radicalism.It draws the realization that power is both fixating and damaging. Robespierre has unfortunately been reincarnated in the form of Adolph Hitler, Josef Stalin and Saddam Hussein and in time has become the most hated and strangely respected man in French history. The French Terror lasted a supreme of 15 months but killed more than 16 000 people in a vain attempt to rid society of corruption. It is not unlike the ideas of the ancient philosophers, but it has to be remembered that what works in theory may not work in reality.SourcesBertrand Barere de Vieuzac, Memoires de B. Barere, membre de la constituante, de la Convention, du Comite de Salut public, et de la Chambre des representants, vol. 2 (Paris J. Labitte, 1842), 2056. Translated by Exploring the French Revolution project staff from original documents in French found in John Hardman, French Revolution Docu ments 179295, vol. 2 (New York Barnes Noble Books, 1973), 250. Camille Desmoulins, Georges Jacques Danton and Jean Paul Marat. 2008. NNDB. Accessed 11 February 2008. (http//www. nndb. com/people/480/000097189/)(http//www. nndb. com/people/658/000092382/ ) (http//www. nndb. com/people/630/000092354/)

Lincoln Electric Essay Example for Free

capital of Nebraska electric car EssayLincoln Electrics CEO Massaro was correct in his assessment that, grocerys in developing countries would grow faster and yield a higher return. This strategy was vital and in alignment with the organizations goal to reach 50% foreign sales revenue. As president of Lincoln Asia, Mike Gillespie faces a great challenge with his decision to enter the Indonesian market. If Mr. Gillespie does decide to enter Indonesia, he must withal decide whether to do it alone or through a joint pretend, and how to complex body part employee requital. It looks like Gillespie conducted enough corporate anthropology research to identify viable consumer product needs that Lincoln Electric will be able to provide (stick consumables vs. automatic consumables segments). I understand that investing in Indonesia offers umpteen benefits to the organization, mostly towards increased profit margins and market share of consumable products (for further information re garding the strategic cooking for entering Indonesia see Exhibit 1).However, in my opinion, Gillespie does not have enough data to make an aware decision regarding this move. Fear of a rekindled Civil War, unstable inflation rates, and other activities in the country revealed twain economic and political instability. Other issues to be considered include labor issues of Indonesia 1. I would recommend further market and cultural analysis to aid his decision-making. If Gillespie decides to enter Indonesia, it is my testimonial to enter with a partner.I support this recommendation because, through his own market analysis and consultation it was identified that due to the political structure a local partner with in-depth knowledge, and political connections would be essential for success. I understand that a joint venture will decrease Lincoln Electrics profit margins, but in my opinion, the joint venture will defame investment risk, especially if a partner is able to provide capit al towards the cost of building a facility. Gillespies choice in partners should be based off of a predefined set of criteria.These criteria should include current traffic/contracts with Lincoln Electric, current market share, knowledge of local market and culture, political and personal credit line contacts. The partner should also have the ability to withstand any financial risk toward this investment. See table 2 for a breakdown of both potential partners and how they compare to the criteria. I would recommend a joint venture with both companies (Tira and SSHJ). The reason for this recommendation is due to the diverse benefits, which both companies can bring to the venture.However, I have concerns regarding the consignment of either partner to the Lincoln Electric brand. If we apply the social exchange theory to this situation, one could forge that when more than one partner is included in a business relationship, the loyalty of each business partner may decreases due to comp etition and fear of favoritism 2. It is Gillespies intention to implement a piecework compensation structure and I support this decision. It is also the intent of Lincoln Electric to exceed lower limit profits requirements and prevailing rates.Gillespie has concerns regarding the ability for all employees to meet minimum wage using piecework compensation. It is my recommendation to set the minimum daily quota at the minimum wage rate. I would also implement an aggressive performance indemnity paying out monthly vs. annual. I would highly recommend further cultural analysis with a focus on time perceptions and labor perceptions of the local culture. The compensation structure should be adjusted as time goes on and favorable trends in compensation are identified.

Myself the Writer Essay Example for Free

Myself the Writer EssayOne of the reasons why I love constitution is because it is my commit to progress in writing through setting more achievable objectives, building on fable ideas, in addition to developing new skills. Through writing I am able to rising slope my knowledge on a variety of subjects. Every time I write I am able to learn something new. I take writing as a way through which I can express my feeling. However, writing is a challenging task due to the fact that it calls for extra caution. in that location are many rules and regulations that surround writing.Some of these rules limit the extent to which one can express himself in writing (Elbow p, 12). There are various challenges that I come across in the process of writing that tend to slow me down. Finding the right words is the hardest of these challenges. Sometimes it is very hard to find the around appropriate words to make my writing sound the way I would like. Writing can overly be a boring as well a s demoralizing task when a author fails to get the necessary information (Elbow p, 26). Trying to figure out the words that will follow the guide I go for already completed is the other challenge that I face as a writer.Lack of knowledge concerning a particular topic is the other challenge I face as a writer. Along with lack of knowledge, lack of information from various sources is the other factor that negatively impacts on my writing. Writers block is the other challenge that I face in writing. However, I have learned that in order to overcome writers block I need to say down what is in my head.Work Cited Elbow P. , (edn 2), (1998). Writing with power techniques for mastering the writing process, ISBN 0195120175 Oxford University Press US

Themes by Means of Unique Style-Bishop Essay Example for Free

Themes by Means of Unique Style-Bishop EssayElizabeth Bishop is known for using the analogous recurring themes done let on her thought-provoking poetry. Some of these themes include childhood experiences, travel, the natural world, lone postss, detachment and the art of paper itself. Each of these themes has introduced themselves to her by inwardness of personal experiences throughout her bearing. In her poetry, she shares these cross issues with the lecturer by means of different styles. Some of her poems offer hints of certain themes, but are not obviously prominent on the first read, While some of her other poems are based solely on a particular issue throughout the whole poem. These elements of theme and style make her poetry a very elicit read. In my essay, I am going to discuss the themes and style throughout six of Bishops poems The search, The Prodigal, Questions of Travel, Sestina, First Death in Nova Scotia and Filling Station. Elizabeth Bishop was once quoted to have express I corresponding painting probably better than I like poetry. The Fish is certainly a very visual poem. I believe one of the predominant themes in this poem is the natural world.Her tell apart of the natural world and its creatures is evident throughout as she renders the tilt. Bishop catches this slant but does not carry out the norm of what any other person would do with the intent of catching a fish and deliver the goods to do so. Instead, she studies the fish. She looks and it, and looks closer until she can come up with some kind of conclusion about the animal. She uses gather in visual detail to describe the fish and paint a vivid picture in the readers head of what this fish looks like and what it has been through.Here and at that place his brown skin hung in strips like ancient wallpaper, and its pattern of darker brown was like wallpaper. He was speckled with barnacles, fine rosettes of lime, and infested with tiny White sea lice, and underneath two or three rags of green weed hung down. Another theme that I spy throughout this poem is the admiration for a survivor of lifes battles. Bishop personifies the fish in many ways throughout the poem, portraying it to have human-like traits and characteristics and that it is like a human in its ability to bruise and learn from that suffering. A five-haired beard of wisdom trailing from his aching jaw.The word wisdom makes me judge that fish has been through many ordeals throughout its life and has become wise from having learnt how to deal with the suffering it has endured. Bishop makes the fish look honourable. She appreciates this fish and looks up to it for surviving lifes battles. Like medals with their ribbons. She is referring to the old pieces of fishing line hooked onto the fish as rewards and proof that this fish had the strength to deal with the terror it had been through.I in addition noticed an element of helplessness and defeat throughout the poem. The fish seemed helpless, like it had given up bit for its freedom, the evidence shown by the hooks in its mouth and its lack of seek when it was caught. It was as if the fish had authentic defeat once and for all. It had fought as hard as it could throughout its life for its freedom, but there seemed to be no fight left in him. He didnt fight. He hadnt fought at all. Bishop seemed to be helpless in the sense that she could do nothing for this fish.As she sat there, examining every inch of it, realising his experiences and unravelling his pain, there was not much she could do to help him. She had effectively taken away his freedom. Fortunately, Bishop, as helpless as she was, discovered that letting the fish go was the best decision to make. She did not want to make this fish suffer anymore. Until everything was rainbow, rainbow, rainbow And I let the fish go. The Prodigal is a poem based on a person who was forced to live among the pigs he looked after. The overall themes throughout the poem are alcoholism and depression.This whitethorn well have been written by Bishop to portray her past experiences as she battled with the same mental issues. In many ways, this poem could represent the inner turmoil she may have experienced when dealing with these illnesses. The briny character in the poem is considering his surroundings through a drunken state of consciousness. Bishop uses detailed descriptions to describe the disgusting surroundings the alcoholic has to endure day to day. In many ways, the messy and dirty surroundings could be a reference to how an alcoholics mind is organised. The floor was rotten the sty was plastered halfway up with glass-smooth dung. In this poem, the alcoholic seems to have companionship with the pigs. They are his only patrons, as disgusting and foul olfactory perception as they are. One of the pigs in particular, the place that ate her young, seems to be a very close friend of the alcoholic. These pigs could be seen to represent the alcoh ol in this persons life. They are false friends. They represent goldbrick term happiness, short term companions, but in the end they are no benefit to this mans life whatsoever.Instead, they seem to be encouraging him. The pigs eyes followed him, a cheerful stare- Even to the sow that always ate her young. The character in this poem seems to be marginalised, like Bishop was throughout her struggle with depression and alcoholism. He is unnoticed by society. Nobody wants to help him. Instead, everybody prefers to leave him wallowing in his own eye infection of a life, leaving him to do as he pleases. This could be similar to how Bishop felt when going through the same issues.She is portraying her struggle through this filthy man, who leads a filthy life. Another theme that I noticed in the poem is hope. This man has ruined his life and well-being for the sake of drink. He lives a dark depressed life, his only companions alcohol and pigs. However, nearer to the end of the poem, hope s prings as this man re-evaluates his life and decides to make a change for the better. He is going to face his pride, go stem and sort himself out and repair his relationships. But it took him a long time finally to make his mind up to go home.

Thistles and Tall Nettles Essay Example for Free

Thistles and elevated Nettles EssayThe poems Tall Nettles by Edward doubting Thomas and Thistles by Ted Hughes contain similar yet different themes. Both of them contain non one but worldy themes of their own. The Tall Nettles contains a theme of abandonment, a theme of nature engagement back against piece of music, and man-made objects, as well as the theme of inner beauty i. e. , beauty that is not obvious to the eye. The poet is showing that the plant is fierce, yet protective over a place that belongs to them, simply because no one else wants it. It portrays how the nettles have triumphed over man by covering the machines.Thomas shows this conquest over man in a positive light. It portrays the nettles as beautiful, yet they be not aesthetically pleasing. This seems to show that Thomas sees the inner beauty of the nettles he portrays their resilience and strength. Thistles overly contains the theme of nature fighting back against man as well as the theme of choice. U n the like in the previous poem, the thistles are fighting over land which is still desired by man. Hughes, unlike Thomas, portrays these appointments in a negative light, and seems to portray the plants as the enemy.This poem is a lot more violent than the previous one, as it actually portrays the epic battle that the thistles fight to survive. Both these poems portray themes of nature fighting against man, and survival. Analysis of Thistles Thistles is a poem about survival and triumph. It portrays how thistles have to fight to stay alive, but they in fact conquer over their aggressors. In do to fully understand this one must analyze the poem stanza by stanza. In stanza 1 the very outgrowth volume, Against, gives us the first clue to the plight of the thistle.It has many things which are against it, such as the hawkshaw tongues of cows and the hoeing hands of men. The fact that the hoeing hands of men is used as an example of one of the thistles enemies, is ironic, because unconstipated though the men have hoes and mean to destroy, the thistles still survive. The use of spike in course of study 2 gives us a sharp, jagged image of artillery. Crackle in line 3 gives us this analogous effect. These war-like images are continued throughout the poem. The use of the word crackle gives us the idea that the thistle is tough, not softly opening, but crackling open, as if preparing for battle.In stanza two the poet introduces the idea of revenge. (Every one a revengeful burst) The poet uses the word burst to describe the purple exploded head of the thistle, and the spikes that protrude from this. The use of the word resurrection in line 2 supports the idea of the thistles never really dying. The grasped fistful of splintered weapons and Icelandic frost also refers to the head of the thistle, and how it appears to be like a hand that has grabbed a handful of weapons. The introduction of Icelandic frost brings in the first idea of the war between the Scots and the Vikings.Thrust up brings in the idea that the nettles are like the soldiers sent by nature to fight against man. In stanza two our idea of the thistles being sent by nature is continued. (From the underground stain of decayed Viking This is a reference to the Scots/ Vikings war again, but also a reference to the amazing ability of thistles to get nutrient from any soil, even using the nutrients of the utter body of a Viking. Another war-like image is apparent in the plume of blood referring to the plume of feathers traditionally worn by soldiers in a war. The final stanza begins in contrast to the other stanzas.These strong, unbeatable thistles are growing old and dying. They grow grey, describing how they age before death. But in the second line dispute is used, describing how even though the thistle has died the war is not over. Their sons appear, ready to continue the battle over the land. They are soaked with weapons, making them seem unbeatable, almost over-laden with w eapons. This poem is full of war-like images and references to historical events. It describes the way thistles never seem to die, and will keep fighting against man until they win. This poem is deeply emotional and metaphorical.

Methods in Computer Security Essay Example for Free

Methods in Computer Security EssayOne of the negative impacts of scientific advancements is the advancement of criminal methods. As one of the widespread progression in the whole world today, figurerization has been made an instrument for criminal offenses, and this has alarmed many computer experts since the millennium bug had emerged, and was fortunately solved. intentional the things that must be observed in computer software and hardware investigation is alpha to pageant as a computer forensics expert.Current investigations usually dwell on individual category, but hushed it can be expanded to a more general sense in analyzing the patterns and motives of maybe not just individuals, but groups or organizations (Anderson, 1996). First, in either hardware of software, all protective procedures must be known by the detective. Security for the reliability of the source of information is of an utmost importance in sportfishing evidences towards solving a crime. The computer itself is the first place that must be checkd.A way to secure them is to label them to avoid potential damages and interchange of the computer parts. Keeping the original state of the utensil whether it is turned on/off, or maintaining connections at the back of the CPU or a laptop, is similarly a requirement for in the case of transportation, there might be a need to disassemble the parts, and cunning the original positions of the connections is relevant to restore the computer for investigation after transportation (Barba, __, p. 19). Second is the acquisition of electronic information.This can be obtained from the hard disk or other disk drives attached to the computer and to e-mails, where realistic records of computer manipulation that the offender had through to the systems before and after completion of the act are present. look at the deleted and hidden files is also a very crucial step, which might lead to the identification of the possible objectives of the criminal in deleting those data fragments, or what data he needed so as to nail his purpose (Barba, __, p.24). Upon identification of the important data files that are removed from the system, and if there exists any system legal proceeding that can be done through those files, like for example bank transactions, it would be the initiative of investigator to warn the potential persons that can be damaged when the transactions have been completed. The third thing that is important to consider is the recovery of the lost information that the client needs.It may also be possible to tell log-in passwords and usernames to monitor the users of the computer which can be associated with time of deletion of information, thus identifying the criminal. They can also look at the possible system protection measures to secure information and to avoid access over again to the system. The log and registry of the computer may trace this necessary information and identify changes on the computer codes (S unblocksystems. com, 2007). Fingerprints may also be looked at in the case of a criminal act done at the place of the client itself.Identification of the criminal would be much more specific at this case. References Anderson, K. E. (1996). International Intrusions Motives and Patterns Retrieved July 14, 2008, 2008, from http//www. aracnet. com/kea/Papers/paper. shtml Barba, M. (___). Computer Forensic Investigations Electronic Version. Retrieved July 14, 2008, from http//www. computer-forensic. com/old_site/presentations/ASIS_Presentation. pdf Sunblocksystems. com. (2007). Computer Forensics. Retrieved July 13, 2008, from http//www. sunblocksystems. com/forensics. html

Checklist For Evaluating Internal Controls Essay Example for Free

Checklist For Evaluating internal Controls undertakeFor publicly traded companies, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires an audit of internal controls. The purpose of an internal control evaluation is to evaluate risk of exposure, which offers auditors a basis for audit planning and provides useful information to management (Sox Law, 2006). Auditors typically use the five staple fiber components of internal control to approve the entire system. According to Louwers, Ramsay, Sinason, and Strawser (2007) the five components to internal controls include control environment, risk assessment, control activities, monitoring, and information and communication. Control environment drives the tone of the organization and includes the integrity, ethical values, and competence of the companys people (Louwers, Ramsay, Sinason, Strawser, 2007). hazard assessment involves a thorough assessment which identify(s) risks, estimate their significance and likelihood, and consider how to m anage the risks (Louwers, Ramsay, Sinason, Strawser, 2007).Control activities involve specific actions which help ensure that managements goals and projections are met. Monitoring involves the continuous assessment of internal controls. Information and communication relates to the efficiency and reliability of information and communication regarding how the information is presented and communicated to users. Internal controls protect the pecuniary information and operations of a business. The development and implementation of these controls are typically the responsibility of the business owners. Internal or external audits may be used to gauge the efficiency of internal controls. This audit mainly takes place following a standard process of risk measurement regarding the business operations and fiscal information. The measurement data is most effectively determined by using an internal control checklist.Checklist manikin One Understand and Document the Clients Internal Control O btaining an UnderstandingControl surround EvaluationRisk treasurement EvaluationInformation and Communication AssessmentPhase Two Assess the Control RiskPhase Three Test Controls and Review Control RiskReassess Controls billing of the Test of ControlsReassess the Control Risk

Jane Eyre Essay Example for Free

Jane Eyre EssayThe fable Jane Eyre was primitively print in London, England in 1847 by Smith, Elder Co. The early editions of the new were given the subtitle An record and named Currer Bell as the editor, not the author. The subtitle was dropped in subsequent editions of the novel. During the days when the novel was published, it was popularly believed that custody and women had different duties and responsibilities. Women were encouraged to be devoted and submissive to their husbands. The ideal woman was passive, charming, self-sacrificing and pure. Jane Eyre and other industrial plant of the Charlotte and her sisters were centred around the lives of protagonists who did not conform to these societal ideals. Thus, in order to hide their true identities and genders, the three Bronte sisters published their works under pseudonyms. These were Acton Bell (Anne Bronte), Ellis Bell (Emily Bronte) and Currer Bell (Charlotte Bronte). Despite its immediate popularity, Jane Eyre w as condemned by its earliest critics as anti-Christian. These negative reviews can be attributed to the generally rebellious tone of the novel.Through the description of the protagonists life, including those related to her social status and matters of the heart, the reader is presented with several social and political issues. The novel questions societys view of women, the importance of the arts and the basis of a solid marriage. Based on the standards of the society in the days when the novel was first published, Jane Eyre as a character lead an immoral life. Jane fell in love and lusted after a married man, was proposed to by her cousin, and describes a clergymen as hypocritical and greedy.The novel is create verbally in such a manner that the reader empathizes with Jane, and in doing so, leads the reader to question his or her beliefs. The novel is also explicitly anti-Christian in that Jane questions the existence and importance of perfection. During her days at Lowood, Jane s close friend, Helen burn down contracts tuberculosis. On her deathbed, Helen calmly reassures Jane that by dying young, she is escaping great sufferings, and will go to God. Jane remains sceptical, and asks, Where is God? What is God? In the comparable conversation, Jane questions the existence of heaven and the ability of people to enter it.Using contemporary standards, these questions qualification be considered by some to be normal and even healthy. However, in the context of the society during the cartridge holder when the novel was first published, such comments would have been considered as blasphemous and grossly immoral. Critics who believed that the novel was in event an autobiography were correct. Although the life of the character Jane Eyre is not identical to that of the author Charlotte Bronte, there are obvious parallels. For example, musical composition attending Lowood School, one of Janes closest friends dies of consumption.Similarly, while attending school at Cowan Bridge, Janes sisters died of the same illness. This coincidence drew comparisons between the fictional headmaster of Lowood whom Jane denounces as insincere and deceitful, and Charlottes own designer headmaster who ran Cowan Bridge. Another parallel can be drawn between the character of John vibrating reed and Charlottes brother Branwell, because both men suffered from alcoholism. Perhaps the most obvious similarity between the novel and the authors life is the fact that both Jane and Charlotte were governesses.In accepting Jane Eyre as the true adventures of its heroine and by branding the novel as anti-Christian, early critics were correct. Due to similarities in the personal life of Charlotte Bronte and the experiences of Jane Eyre, it can be inferred that the novel is an autobiography. Based on the standards of society during the time it was first published, the rebellious tone and the manner in which the novel questioned respected social institutions, the novel can be considered as anti-Christian.